This volume grew from the second Gordon R. WilIey Biennial Symposium on the History of Archaeology held in 1998 at the anonal meeting of the Society for American Archaeology in Seattle. It is dedicated to Professor WilIey, who died April 28, 2002. Twelve papers focus on the development of Americanist archaeology prior to World War I, with special emphasis on its European connections and on the work done by women.